Normalization models of Arab-Israeli relations(2000-2022) And its impact on the Islamic awakening

Mousavi, Seyed Mohammadreza; Bakhshi, Ramin

Normalization models of Arab-Israeli relations(2000-2022) And its impact on the Islamic awakening

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

seyed mohammadreza mousavi ¹

ramin bakhshi ²

¹ Assistant Professor, Department of Islamic Studies, Kermanshah University of Technology, Kermanshah, Iran

² Graduated with a PhD in International Relations from Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The 2020 Abraham Accords between Israel and four Arab states reflected a new model of normalization. While Israel has a “cold” peace with Egypt and Jordan – which exists mainly between states – a “warmer” model of peace with the UAE, Bahrain, Morocco and Sudan has been established, even without progress on the Israel-Palestine issue and the inherently negative connotation of the Arabic term for normalization. (Problem Statement).
This article aims to examine and analyze different models of normalization of Israel’s relations with Arab states and the Palestinians. To achieve this goal, qualitative and analytical research methods have been used. (Method);
The analysis of Israeli-Arab relations shows that three models of normalization (informal, functional formal, and legitimate or full) have emerged over the years. The choice of these models has usually been influenced by Arab preferences and obstacles such as popular resistance and illegitimacy. Arab countries such as Morocco, Qatar, and the Palestinian Authority have oscillated between these models over time, often due to regional and international crises such as the Intifada, the Arab Spring, or political upheavals. Also, Saudi Arabia’s accession to normalization agreements could strengthen the normalization process, but the lack of progress on the Palestinian issue remains a major obstacle to peace and normalization in the Arab and Islamic world. (Findings).

Keywords

Normalization

Middle East

Arab world

Israel-Arab relations

peace

Subjects