The central question of this study is: upon what theological and jurisprudential foundations, with an emphasis on Shi'a political jurisprudence and the views of Imam Khomeini and Ayatollah Khamenei, is the theory of resistance within the discourse of Islamic Awakening based, and what are its strategic dimensions? The study aims to elucidate the nature, foundations, and strategic dimensions of resistance theory. Using a descriptive-analytical approach and discourse analysis, data were collected through library research. The study examines the etymological and conceptual dimensions of resistance, its theological and jurisprudential foundations, and its practical manifestations. Findings indicate that resistance, derived from the Arabic root q-w-m, signifies standing firm against aggression and involves four elements: the resisting actor, aggressor, act of resistance, and preservation of identity. In Shi'a political jurisprudence, resistance extends beyond military defense and, based on nafy al-sabil (negation of alien domination), the obligation of defense, enjoining good and forbidding evil, and safeguarding the integrity of Islam (baydat al-Islam), encompasses political, economic, and cultural spheres. Its theological foundations include divine sovereignty, rejection of Taghut, and adherence to Divine Guardianship (Wilayat). In the thought of Imam Khomeini and Ayatollah Khamenei, resistance constitutes both a religious duty and a strategic approach to preserving Islamic identity and confronting hegemonic domination. Its strategic dimensions include identity formation, Islamic unity, support for the oppressed, comprehensive deterrence, and development of a resistance discourse.